Wind farm blockage in a stable atmospheric boundary layer

Wind farm blockage is the flow deceleration in front of a large turbine array, due to which first wind row produces less power than corresponding solitary row. Understanding crucial as failure accurately model effect leads systematic difference between modeled and actual performance. While stable atmospheric conditions are known impact performance, on not well understood. We use eddy simulations investigate stably stratified boundary layer without capping inversion by systematically varying streamwise spacing surface cooling rate. consider layers it allows us isolate stability. Primarily, we demonstrate that increases with stability deflection relatively cold over farm. Displacement this high-density colder air creates high-pressure region at entrance. The formation enhances adverse pressure gradient under conditions.